Transrapid maglev system technical readiness and corridors of. Levitation force analysis of medium and low speed maglev. Advanced control design with application to electromechanical systems, 2018. These vehicles move along magnetic fields that are established between the vehicle and its guideway. Shown in figure 5 is the repelling strength of the passive track magnet and the passive car magnet respectively. Keyword magnetic levitation, magnetic field, magnetism, magnetic materials. Magnetic levitation an overview sciencedirect topics. Car side y split open and spread out onboard electrical equipment transformers inverters, etc. Pdf magnetic levitation is a way of using electromagnetic fields to levitate objects without any noise. A robust levitation control of maglev vehicles subject to.
Contrary to conventional railways, there are no direct contact between maglev vehicles and their guideway. This pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 10 cm above the track. How to build a magnetic levitation model car, in this case the magnetic levitation will be the wheels of the car as opposed to making some kind of magnetic r. Magnetic levitation principles introduction magnetic fields are used to describe forces at a distance from electric currents. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation is a transportation method that uses the energy in magnetic levitation to move vehicles with no contacts between the track and moving vehicle. Maglev is a system in which the vehicle runs levitated from the guide way corresponding to the rail tracks of conventional railways by using electromagnetic forces between superconducting magnets onboard the vehicle and coils on the ground 10.
Another application is maglev derived from magnetic levitation which is a transport method that uses magnetic levitation to move vehicles without making contact with the ground. Modeling and nonlinear control of magnetic levitation. But they offer more than just propulsionthey also levitate. Students are to design and create a magnetic levitation car that can be maintained on a track and then redesign the car with a 20% increase in speed. Review of magnetic levitation maglev global journals. Practical applications of magnetic levitation technology. It is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by electric current. The fields are used to reverse or counteract the gravitational pull and any other counter accelerations. The use of magnetically levitated maglev vehicles for high speed ground transportation in the united states may become a reality within the next five years. For those who are interested, there is a new 2014 teaching dvd for maglev available in the science olympiad store. The developed analytical method is used to predict magnetic field distribution and levitation force in htscpmg maglev vehicles geometries b and c where the pmg are composed with ferromagnetic materials and horizontally magnetized permanent magnets. A magnetic levitated car comprising a car body that is made to float on a magnetic road laid on with a plurality of spaced apart magnets, at least one magnetic suspension stabilizer disposed spacedly at the bottom of said car body, and at least one electro magnetic wheel provided at the bottom of said car body. This may offer a reference for ems maglev vehicle design. If the magnetic field from the levitation array were to cross the magnetic field from the propulsion array, there would be interference which could compromise the entire vehicle.
List of figures introductionmagnetic levitation, or maglev, is a technology used for highspeed trains in which the vehicle is lifted from the roadway or guideway by a magnetic field. Magnetic levitation is the process of levitating an object by exploiting magnetic fields. About this book introduces concepts, theories and technologies presents the first manned hts maglev vehicle in the world includes abundant project. Magnetic levitation vehicle give definitions of the key terms below. May 12, 2006 the goal of the magnetic levitation train maglev project is to develop a small scale magnetic levitation train based on inductrack technology developed by dr. The bottom portion of said magnetic suspension stabilizer has a polarity similar to. A high speed maglev train uses noncontact magnetic levitation, guidance and propulsion systems and has no. Rivals toyota agree, saying they would may build a hover car. Disadvantages of magnetic levitated vehicles 1851 words cram. Introduction magnetic levitation, maglev or magnetic suspension is the method by which an object is suspended.
Current projects nclusion introduction maglev, or magnetic levitation, is a system of transportation that suspends, guides and propels vehicles, predominantly trains, using magnetic levitation. Magnetically levitated vehicle, which consider the magnetic suspensions, propulsion and guidance. The hook open the unit with the following video from volkswagon on the peoples car project and the design of the magnetic levitation vehicle created. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short distance away from a guide way using magnets to create both lift and thrust. Magnetic levitation maglev chiefly refers to any transportation system in which. Earnshaws theorem proves that using only static ferromagnetism it is impossible to stably levitate against gravity, but servomechanisms, the use of diamagnetic materials, super conduction, or systems involving eddy currents permit this to occur. The rule of levitation force variation with different structure and electromagnetic parameters provides a.
Magnetic levitation model car part 1 two minutes of. Magnetic levitation maglev may sound like science fiction, but the fact is, this technology is relevant in todays middle school general science classes and high school physics classes. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations. He has worked extensively in maglev which includes the urban maglev ecobee and experimental maglev vehicle suma for high speed. Either the magnetic force of repulsion or attraction can be used. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational acceleration and any other accelerations the two primary issues involved in magnetic levitation are lifting forces. The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is equipped with retractable wheels.
Introduction of magnetically levitated maglev vehicles in urban ground. In this paper modeling of the high speed maglev train transrapid is discussed, which considered the whole mechanical system of one vehicle with optimized. Magnetic levitation technology magnetic levitation is a method by which an object is suspended in the air with no support other than magnetic fields. This technology employs the use of magnets and electromagnets that create both lift and propulsion. The problem of precise control of the air gap of magnetic levitation vehicles is considered in this paper. Maglev train magnetic levitation abbreviated as maglev is an advanced technology of levitation that uses magnetic forces for the propulsion of vehicles rather than using wheel, bearing and axels. Magnetic levitation vehicles introduction magnetic levitation, or maglev, is a technology used for highspeed trains in which the vehicle is lifted from the roadway or guideway by a magnetic field. Instead of engines, maglev vehicles use electromagnetism to levitate raise and propel the vehicle. Review article the most important maglev applications. Schematic diagram of magnetic levitation system before deriving, we make the reasonable assumption. Levitation force analysis of medium and low speed maglev vehicles. The transrapid magnetic levitation system escholarship.
For the sake of achieving the goal of highprecision positioning, a complex magnetic levitation system vehicle model needs to be analyzed thoroughly. Safety of high speed magnetic levitation transportation systems. True magnetic levitation no power required youtube. With maglev, a vehicle travels along a guideway using magnets to create both lift and. Kemper 1 succeeded in his first private experiment on electromagnetic. Modeling and nonlinear control of magnetic levitation systems. In magnetic bearings, the rotating shaft is levitated with electromagnets resulting in very low friction and no mechanical wear. Fig 5 the track levitation magnet and the car magnet. In other words, it is overcoming the gravitational force on an object by applying a counteracting magnetic field. Us7814840b2 magnet arrangement for a magnetic levitation. The magnetic forces are assigned to lift and propel the vehicles along the guide way. T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako. The model of both studied configurations with the corresponding nine subdomains is shown in.
T railway technology today 12 edited by kanji wako magnetic. The venus project foundation magnetic levitation or. The maximum lifttoweight ratio emerges when the pole width ratio of f type rail to electromagnet is 6. Experiments show that opposites attract and samepoles repel. Ma glev vehicles use noncontact magnetic levitation, guidance and propulsion systems and have no wheels, axles and transmission. Magnetic levitationbased transport might be about to enter our lives, providing for faster, safer and more. Magnetic levitation maglev is an innovative transportation technology. Current projects nclusion introduction maglev, or magnetic levitation, is a system of transportation that suspends, guides.
A sliding mode controller is designed for the levitation control task. The maglev project consists of two construction phases. The superspeed transrapid maglev system has no wheels, no axles, no gear transmissions, no steel rails, and no overhead electrical pantographs. If magnetic repulsion is used, it is known as magnetic levitation. This manual can also be used by event supervisors to construct a magnetic levitation track to be used at science olympiad tournaments. Magnetic levitation maglev technology and applications. Disadvantages of magnetic levitated vehicles 1851 words. Maglev is a generic term for any transportation system in which vehicles are suspended and guided by magnetic forc es. It includes a history of maglev science and technology showing the various.
Contrary to traditional railroad vehicles, there is no direct physical contact between maglev vehicle and its guideway. Magnetic levitating trains electrical and computer. In the case of magnetic attraction, the experiment is. Using the fundamental principle of dynamics, the dynamic of the ferromagnetic ball is given by 1 and for the electrical modelization part, it follows that 2. The beginning of the attractive magnetic levitation technic was in the year 1935 when h. The magnet arrangement comprises a plurality of magnet poles 11 being combined to form groups 11 a to 11 f, wherein according to the invention each group contains one magnet pole 11 a to 11 f or two magnet poles 11 a to 11 f. Richard post from lawrence livermore national labs llnl. Maglev is an advanced transport technology in which magnetic forces lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a specially designed guideway. Development of technical and economical models for widespread. Test day fill in the chart below using the following formulas when testing your teams magnetic levitation vehicle.
Mechanical project on magnetic levitation download report pdf. This book provides a comprehensive overview of magnetic levitation maglev technologies, from fundamental principles through to the stateoftheart, and describes applications both realised and under development. The magnetic force on the car side is strong, so the magnetic force on the ground side is weak. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short distance away from a guide way using magnets to create both thrust and lift. Speed ftsec track distance ft time sec speed mph speed ftsec x. Levitation the passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. Maglev is a method of propulsion that uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicles with magnets rather than with wheels, axles and bearings. The official rules in the current rules manual take precedence. The magnetic control force between the solenoid and the ball can be determined by considering the magnetic field between the latter as a function of the separation distance. This rail system is referred to as magnetic levitation, or maglev. The third set of loops is a propulsion system run by alternating current power. Magnetics and experimental results of maglevvehicles. Magneticsuspension systems, which have high nonlinearity and openloop instability, are the core components of maglev vehicles. Pdf sliding mode control of magnetic levitation vehicles.
Nevertheless, levitation of a magnet without using superconductors is widely thought to be impossible. Base piece this part is at the bottom, which consists of a magnet to create a round magnetic field and electromagnets to control that magnetic field. The windings 12 a to 12 f of each group are controlled by a control circuit 18. Mudit sharma1, manish kumar arya2, indrajit kumar3 meerut institute of engineering and technology, meerut, india abstract. Magnetic levitation the vehicle will be controlled via a. Magnetic levitation track construction instruction manual. This project is a continuation of work done by paul friend in 2004. Maglev vehicles use noncontact magnetic levitation, guid ance, and propulsion systems. Magnetic levitation, maglev, or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. Another application is maglev derived from magnetic levitation which is a transport method that uses magnetic levitation to move vehicles without making contact with the. Dec 09, 2018 a magnetic levitation consists of two parts, the base piece and floating piece. Maglev can create frictionless, efficient, faroutsounding technologies. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short distance away from a guide way using magnets to create both lift and thrust levitation would not exceed above 10. As mentioned, superconducting magnets are used create a strong magnetic force to propel the vehicle.
There are basically two modes of magnetic suspension, utilizing either the repulsive force between vehicle borne superconductive magnets and induced currents in conductive guideway components i. Magnetic levitation maglev or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. This paper discusses the development of magnetic levitation vehicles in. Magnetic levitation driving without wheels presentation outline 1. Adaptive sliding mode control for magnetic levitation vehicles. Utilizing stateofthe art electric power and control systems, this configuration can reduce or eliminate the need for wheels and many other. It is sometimes said to be the first fundamental innovation in the field of railroad technology since the invention of the railway. We find that the stable levitation of a magnet can be achieved using the feeble diamagnetism of materials that are normally perceived as being non magnetic, so that even human fingers can keep a magnet hovering in midair without touching it. The magnetic forces are assigned to lift and propel the vehicles along.
Jun 14, 2016 both loops use magnetic repulsion to keep the train car in the optimal spot. Propulsion coils that act like an electric motor armature are mounted in a continuous line on the guideway. Magnetically levitated train is a highly modern vehicle. Trends in increased mobility of large masses with changing lifestyle. If the magnetic force of attraction is used, it is known as magnetic suspension. The schematic diagram of the magnetic levitation system is depicted in fig. A lateraloffset between vehicle and rail will reduce the levitation force. Resources and links the information below should not be interpreted as an extension of the rules. Design and construction of a magnetic levitation system using. In the past, magnetic levitation was attempted by using permanent magnets. Maglev derived from magnetic levitation uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicles. Pdf magnetic levitation is a way of using electromagnetic fields to levitate objects without.
A magnet arrangement for a magnetic levitation vehicle is described. An assembled magnetic levitation system mechanical project. To determine the nonlinearity of the model, we calculate the magnetic force created by the magnetic field at some given point as shown in fig. Magnetic levitated vehicles magnetic levitation is a new model of transportation whereby the moving vehicles has no contact with the ground.
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